The initiative was conducted by Dr. Elen de Oliveira, a biomedical scientist specializing in hematology and holding a Ph.D. in Sciences from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). During the lecture, the specialist discussed the following points: basic principles of flow cytometry and its application in the diagnosis and monitoring of acute leukemias; identification of normal and pathological cell subpopulations according to immunophenotypic expression; future perspectives in flow cytometry for the diagnosis of acute leukemias.